Jute – green gem of India
JUTA
Corchorus capsularis (Light Golden Colour)
Corchorus olitorius (Light Golden Colour)
Corchorus olitorius (Light Golden Colour)
- Annual or perennial plant
- Growing area is mainly India, Bangladesh, China, Burma, Thailand, Vietnam (humid tropical climate)
KENAF
Hibiscus cannabinus
- Annual or perennial plant
- Similar to Corchorus capsularis and is slightly coarser
- Height 1,5 – 3,5 m in 4 – 5 months, blooming 3 – 4 weeks long
- Originally from Africa – Angola, Egypt
- Now India, Bangladesh, Thailand, China, also in USA and Italy
ROSELLE / MESHTA / MESTA
Hibiscus sabdariffa
- Annual or perennial plant
- Height 2 – 2,5 m
- Growing area mainly China, Thailand
Worldwide production of natural fibres
Physical and Chemical Properties of Natural Fibres
| Density g / cm3 |
Cellulose % |
Hemicellulose % |
Lignin % |
Pectin % |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coir | 1,44 | 43,0 | < 1,0 | 45,0 | 4,0 |
| Jute | 1,50 | 71,5 | 13,3 | 13,1 | – |
| Flax | 1,54 | 70,0 – 72,0 | 14,0 | 4,0 – 5,0 | 4,0 |
| Sisal | 1,45 | 60,0 – 67,0 | 10,0 – 15,0 | 8,0 – 12,0 | 2,0 |
| Cotton | 1,51 | 92,0 | 6,0 | 0,1 | < 1,0 |
| Hemp | 1,50 | 74,0 | 18,0 | 4,0 | 1,0 |
| Glass | 2,55 | – | – | – | – |
| Moisture Absorption při 65 % RH |
Diameter µm |
Tenacity Pa |
Stiffness KN / mm3 |
Elongation at break % |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coir | 10,0 – 12,0 | 100,0 – 450,0 | 220,0 | 6,0 | 15,0 – 25,0 |
| Jute | 12,5 | 200,0 | 400,0 – 800,0 | 10,0 – 30,0 | 1,8 |
| Flax | 7,0 | 200,0 – 300,0 | 800,0 – 1500,0 | 60,0 – 80,0 | 1,2 – 1,6 |
| Sisal | 10,0 – 12,0 | 50,0 – 200,0 | 600,0 – 700,0 | 38,0 | 2,0 – 3,0 |
| Cotton | 8,0 – 25,0 | 12,0 – 17,0 | 400,0 | 12,0 | 3,0 – 10,0 |
| Hemp | 8,0 | 48,0 | 550,0 – 900,0 | 70,0 | 1,6 |
| Glass | – | 7,0 – 8,0 | 2400,0 | 73,0 | 3,0 |
Chemical Properties of Jute
